Khoresh-e Karafs (Persian Celery Stew)

Khoresh-e Karafs (Persian Celery Stew)

خورشت کرفس

A bright, herbaceous stew where tender celery and fresh mint meet succulent lamb in a tangy, aromatic sauce. The celery transforms from crisp to silky while maintaining its fresh flavor, balanced by the brightness of dried lime and herbs. A refreshing departure from heavier stews.

stewPrep: 25 minCook: 105 mineasyServes 6

Cultural Note

Khoresh-e karafs is one of the lighter stews in the Persian repertoire, making it popular during warmer months. The combination of celery and mint is refreshing and digestive. Some families add a handful of fresh fenugreek when available.

Critical Moments

  • Sautéing celery before adding to stew
  • Sautéing herbs to mellow raw flavor
  • Achieving proper tanginess from dried limes and lemon
1
PREP10 min

Prepare the celery

Wash celery stalks thoroughly. Trim off the leafy tops (reserve some tender leaves for garnish) and the tough base. Slice stalks on a diagonal into 2cm pieces. The diagonal cut creates more surface area for absorbing flavors.

Uniform diagonal slices, pale green to white
SmellFresh, clean celery aroma
SoundCrisp snapping as you cut
Include some of the tender inner stalks with leaves—they have the most flavor
Checkpoint: Pieces should be relatively uniform for even cooking
2
PREP10 min

Chop the herbs

Finely chop the parsley and mint leaves. If using dried mint, set aside—it will be added differently.

Finely chopped herbs, not minced to a paste
SmellBright, fresh herb fragrance, especially from mint
Fresh mint is strongly preferred here—it gives the dish its characteristic brightness
3
COOK10 min

Brown the onions

Heat 40ml oil in a large heavy pot over medium-high heat. Add diced onions and cook until golden brown, about 10 minutes.

Onions are uniformly golden with some caramelized edges
Medium-High190°C / 375°F
SmellSweet, caramelized onion aroma
SoundSteady sizzling
4
COOK8 min

Add spices and brown the meat

Add turmeric, stir for 30 seconds. Increase heat to high, add meat cubes, and brown well on at least two sides, about 6-8 minutes total.

Meat has golden-brown crust; turmeric has colored everything
High230°C / 450°F
SmellSearing meat with earthy turmeric
SoundStrong sizzling from browning meat
TouchMeat releases easily when properly seared
5
COOK45 min

Add liquid and dried limes

Add water or stock, salt, pepper, and pierced dried limes. Bring to a boil, then reduce to a simmer. Cover and cook for 45 minutes until meat is nearly tender.

Liquid has taken on golden color; dried limes are starting to soften
LowGentle simmer ~120°C / 250°F
SmellTangy, citrusy aroma from dried limes infusing the broth
SoundGentle bubbling
TouchMeat is tender but not yet falling apart
For extra sourness, break one dried lime open with the back of a spoon
While waiting: Sauté celery and herbs while meat simmers
6
COOK10 min

Sauté the celery

In a large skillet, heat remaining 40ml oil over medium-high heat. Add celery pieces and sauté for 8-10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until slightly softened and lightly golden on edges.

Celery is slightly translucent, edges tinged with gold, but still has some bite
Medium-High190°C / 375°F
SmellIntensified celery aroma, slightly caramelized
SoundSizzling that calms as celery releases moisture
TouchCelery is pliable but not completely soft

Critical Step

Pre-sautéing celery develops flavor and controls the final texture. Adding raw celery directly to stew often results in mushy, waterlogged pieces.

Don't overcook—celery will continue cooking in the stew
7
COOK7 min

Sauté the herbs

Add chopped parsley and fresh mint to the celery. Sauté together for 5-7 minutes until herbs are darker and fragrant, volume reduced by about half.

Herbs have darkened from bright green to deeper green; celery is coated with herbs
Medium175°C / 350°F
SmellIntensely aromatic—mint and parsley fragrance fills the kitchen
SoundGentle sizzling

Critical Step

Sautéing the herbs mellows their raw flavor and helps them integrate into the stew. Raw herbs added directly to liquid can taste grassy.

If using dried mint, add it directly to the stew in the next step instead of sautéing
8
COOK35 min

Combine and simmer together

Add the sautéed celery and herb mixture to the pot with the meat. Stir gently to combine. If using dried mint, add it now. Cover and simmer for another 30-35 minutes until celery is tender and flavors have melded.

Celery is fully tender; sauce has thickened; oil visible on surface
LowGentle simmer
SmellHarmonious blend of celery, mint, parsley, and tangy lime
SoundOccasional gentle bubbles
TouchCelery yields easily when pressed; meat is fork-tender
Checkpoint: Taste the broth—it should be tangy from the dried limes. Adjust with more lime piercing if needed.
While waiting: Prepare rice with tahdig during final simmering
9
FINISH2 min

Final seasoning

Stir in bloomed saffron if using. Add lemon juice and stir. Taste and adjust salt, pepper, and sourness. The stew should have a bright, tangy profile with herbaceous notes. Add more lemon juice if not tangy enough.

Sauce is glossy and well-integrated
SmellFresh lemon brightens all the other aromas
Fresh lemon juice at the end adds brightness that dried limes alone don't provide

Common Mistakes

  • Under-seasoning (this stew needs good salt to bring out celery flavor)
  • Not enough sour element (should be noticeably tangy)
10
FINISH10 min

Rest and serve

Remove from heat, cover, and let rest for 10 minutes. Transfer to a serving dish, garnish with reserved celery leaves if desired. Serve with chelow and tahdig.

Pale green stew with visible celery pieces and herbs; lighter colored than most khoresh
This stew is lighter in color than most Persian stews—that's correct

Resting Required

10 min - Allows flavors to harmonize and sauce to settle

Extras

Equipment

large heavy potlarge skilletstandard

Make Ahead

  • Can be made 2-3 days ahead—flavors improve overnight.
  • Celery softens further but remains delicious.
  • Freezes well for up to 3 months.

Reheat gently over low heat.

Add a squeeze of fresh lemon juice to brighten after reheating.

Serve With

🍚Chelow (plain Persian steamed rice) with tahdig

Sides

  • Mast-o-khiar (cooling contrast)
  • Sabzi khordan
  • Shirazi salad

Drinks

  • Doogh
  • Black tea
  • Fresh mint tea

Substitutions

dried limeZest of 2 limes + 3 tbsp lime juice, added in final 20 minutes. The unique fermented tang of dried limes is difficult to replicate.
fresh mintDried mint can be used (3 tbsp)—add directly to stew rather than sautéing. Flavor will be different but still good.
lambBeef chuck, veal, or bone-in chicken all work well
celeryNo true substitute—celery is the point of this dish

Scaling

Doubles easily with 20-30 minutes extra cooking time. Celery-to-meat ratio is flexible. Freezes well for up to 3 months—celery softens further but flavor remains excellent.

Source

Traditional · Traditional home cooking

A lighter Persian stew popular in spring and summer, showcasing fresh herbs and vegetables

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